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The debootstrap binary is located in the Ubuntu archive (be sure to select the proper file for your architecture). Download the debootstrap .deb from the pool, copy the package to the work folder, and extract the files from it. You will need to have root privileges to install the files.
Now you've got a real Ubuntu system, though rather lean, on disk. chroot into it:
If you have an RPM (Red Hat Package Manager) based system, you can use alien, which is available in the Debian repositories, to convert the .deb file to a useable .rpm file.
D.4.4.В Configure The Base System.
Or, you can use the following procedure to install it manually. Make a work folder for extracting the .deb into:
Now it's required to install some additionally required packages, like makedev (needed for the next section): apt install makedev.
Substitute one of the following for ARCH in the debootstrap command: amd64 , arm64 , armhf , i386 , powerpc , ppc64el , or s390x .
Depending on the value of TERM, you may have to install the ncurses-term package to get support for it.
Note that the postinst scripts of some packages may try to create device files, so this option should only be used with care.
To create an ext2 file system instead, omit -j .
Mount one partition as /mnt/ubuntu (the installation point, to be the root ( / ) filesystem on your new system). The mount point name is strictly arbitrary, it is referenced later below.
The utility used by the Ubuntu installer, and recognized as the official way to install an Ubuntu base system, is debootstrap . It uses wget and ar , but otherwise depends only on /bin/sh and basic Unix/Linux tools [22] . Install wget and ar if they aren't already on your current system, then download and install debootstrap . If these steps are executed under Ubuntu you can simply do this by apt install debootstrap .
If you have an Ubuntu bionic CD mounted at /cdrom , you could substitute a file URL instead of the http URL: file:/cdrom/ubuntu/
Next, create file systems on the partitions. For example, to create an ext3 file system on partition /dev/sda6 (that's our example root partition):
Once you've got the new Ubuntu system configured to your preference, you can migrate your existing user data (if any) to it, and keep on rolling. This is therefore a “ zero downtime ” Ubuntu install. It's also a clever way for dealing with hardware that otherwise doesn't play friendly with various boot or installation media.
create a default set of static device files using (after chrooting)
D.4.1.В Getting Started.
D.4.3.В Run debootstrap.
A few of the available options are:
If warnings occur like:
After chrooting you may need to set the terminal definition to be compatible with the Ubuntu base system, for example:
Initialize and activate swap (substitute the partition number for your intended Ubuntu swap partition):
This section explains how to install Ubuntu from an existing Unix or Linux system, without using the menu-driven installer as explained in the rest of the manual. This “ cross-install ” HOWTO has been requested by users switching to Ubuntu from Debian, Red Hat, Mandriva, and SUSE. In this section some familiarity with entering *nix commands and navigating the file system is assumed. In this section, $ symbolizes a command to be entered in the user's current system, while # refers to a command entered in the Ubuntu chroot.
manually create only specific device files using MAKEDEV.
bind mount /dev from your host system on top of /dev in the target system, like:
D.4.4.3.В Create device files.
As this is a mostly manual procedure, you should bear in mind that you will need to do a lot of basic configuration of the system yourself, which will also require more knowledge of Ubuntu and of Linux in general than performing a regular installation. You cannot expect this procedure to result in a system that is > not recommended for casual or first time users.
Make sure to run apt update after you have made changes to the sources list.
Instead of using a dedicated swap partition, you may omit the swap partition setup here and later just use a swap file instead.
The required localization files need to be generated:

Debootstrap will have created a very basic /etc/apt/sources.list that will allow installing additional packages. However, it is suggested that you add some additional sources, for example for source packages and security updates:
D.4.4.1.В Configure Apt.
debootstrap can download the needed files directly from the archive when you run it. You can substitute any Ubuntu archive mirror for ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports in the command example below, preferably a mirror close to you network-wise. Mirrors are listed at http://wiki.ubuntu.com/Archive.
D.4.2.В Install debootstrap.
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D.4.4.2.В Install additional packages.
If you want to have parts of the filesystem (e.g. /usr) mounted on separate partitions, you will need to create and mount these directories manually before proceding with the next stage.
With your current *nix partitioning tools, repartition the hard drive as needed, creating at least one filesystem plus swap. You need around 506MB of space available for a console only install , or about 1536MB if you plan to install X (more if you intend to install desktop environments such as GNOME or KDE) .
At this point /dev/ only contains very basic device files. For the next steps of the installation additional device files may be needed. There are different ways to go about this and which method you should use depends on the host system you are using for the installation, on whether you intend to use a modular kernel or not, and on whether you intend to use dynamic (e.g. using udev ) or static device files for the new system.
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