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SOVIET / RUSSIAN NAVY (USSR / RUSSIA)
TORPEDO SHIPS.
KOMSOMOLETS UKRAINY large ASW ships (project 61) (1962 - 1972)
SDERZHANNYY large ASW ship (project 61M) (1973)
Komsomolets Ukrainy 1962.
Komsomolets Ukrainy 1979.
Name No Y ard No Builder Laid down Launched Comp Fate Project 61 Комсомолец Украины (ex- СКР-25 ) 1701 61 Kommunar Yd, Nikolayev 15/9/1959 31/12/1960 31/12/1962 stricken 6/1991 Сообразительный (ex- СКР-44 ) 1702 61 Kommunar Yd, Nikolayev 20/7/1960 4/11/1961 26/12/1963 stricken 7/1992 Проворный.
(ex- СКР-37 ) 1703 61 Kommunar Yd, Nikolayev 10/2/1961 21/4/1962 25/12/1964 stricken 8/1990 Отважный (ex- Орёл ) 1704 61 Kommunar Yd, Nikolayev 10/8/1963 17/10/1964 31/12/1965 fire 30/8/1974 Стройный 1705 61 Kommunar Yd, Nikolayev 20/3/1964 28/7/1965 15/12/1966 stricken 4/1990 Красный Кавказ 1706 61 Kommunar Yd, Nikolayev 25/11/1964 9/2/1966 25/9/1967 stricken 3/1998 Решительный 1707 61 Kommunar Yd, Nikolayev 25/6/1965 30/6/1966 30/12/1967 stricken 7/1996 Смышлёный 1708 61 Kommunar Yd, Nikolayev 15/8/1965 22/10/1966 27/9/1968 stricken 2/1993 Строгий 1709 61 Kommunar Yd, Nikolayev 22/2/1966 29/4/1967 24/12/1968 stricken 6/1993 Сметливый 870 1710 61 Kommunar Yd, Nikolayev 15/7/1966 26/8/1967 25/9/1969 in service (2019) Смелый 1711 61 Kommunar Yd, Nikolayev 15/11/1966 6/2/1968 27/12/1969 to Poland 1/1988 (Warszawa) Красный Крым 1712 61 Kommunar Yd, Nikolayev 23/2/1968 28/2/1969 15/10/1970 stricken 6/1993 Способный 1713 61 Kommunar Yd, Nikolayev 10/3/1969 11/4/1970 25/9/1971 stricken 11/1993 Скорый 1714 61 Kommunar Yd, Nikolayev 20/4/1970 26/2/1971 23/9/1972 stricken 7/1997 Огневой (ex- СКР-31 ) 751 Zhdanov Yd, Leningrad 9/5/1962 31/5/1963 31/12/1964 stricken 4/1989 Образцовый (ex- СКР-2 ) 752 Zhdanov Yd, Leningrad 29/7/1963 23/2/1964 29/9/1965 stricken 6/1993 Одарённый 753 Zhdanov Yd, Leningrad 22/1/1963 11/9/1964 30/12/1965 stricken 4/1990 Славный 754 Zhdanov Yd, Leningrad 26/7/1964 24/4/1965 30/9/1966 stricken 6/1991 Стерегущий 755 Zhdanov Yd, Leningrad 26/7/1964 20/2/1966 21/12/1966 stricken 6/1993 Project 61M Сдержанный 1715 61 Kommunar Yd, Nikolayev 10/3/1971 29/2/1972 30/12/1973 stricken 5/2001.
Displacement standard, t.
pr. 61, 751-753, 1701-1704: 3465.
pr. 61, 754, 755, 1705-1714: 3550.
pr. 61M: 4010.
Displacement full, t.
pr. 61, 751-753, 1701-1704: 4315.
pr. 61, 754, 755, 1705-1714: 4510.
pr. 61M: 4975.
Length, m.
pr. 61M: 146.2.
Breadth, m.
Draught, m.
pr. 61, 751-753, 1701-1704: 4.47.
pr. 61, 754, 755, 1705-1714: 4.57.
pr. 61M: 4.87.
No of shafts.
Machinery.
pr. 61, 751-754, 1701-1706: 2 M-3 gas turbine units.
pr. 61, 755, 1707-1709: 2 M-3R gas turbine units.
pr. 61, 1710-1714: 2 M-3A gas turbine units.
pr. 61M: 2 M-3B gas turbine units.
Power, h. p.
72000.
Max speed, kts.
pr. 61M: 32.
Fuel, t.
gas turbine oil.
Endurance, nm(kts)
pr. 61M: 4640(18)
Armament.
pr. 61, 751-753, 755, 1702, 1704-1709, 1711-1713: 2 x 2 M-1 Volna SAM (32 V-600(4K90)), 2 x 2 - 76/59 AK-726, 1 x 5 - 533TT, 2 x 12 RBU-6000 Smerch-2 ASWRL, 2 x 6 RBU-1000 Smerch-3 ASWRL, 14 - 22 mines, helodeck.
pr. 61, 754, 1701, 1703, 1710, 1714: 2 x 2 M-1 Volna SAM (32 V-600(4K90)), 2 x 2 - 76/59 AK-726, 2 x 1 - 45/69 21KM, 1 x 5 - 533 TT, 2 x 12 RBU-6000 Smerch-2 ASWRL, 2 x 6 RBU-1000 Smerch-3 ASWRL, 14 - 22 mines, helodeck.
pr. 61M: 4 x 1 Termit SSM (4 P-15M(4K51)), 2 x 2 M-1 Volna-M SAM (32 V-601(4K91)), 2 x 2 - 76/59 AK-726, 2 x 1 - 45/69 21KM, 4 x 6 - 30/54 AK-630M, 1 x 5 - 533 TT, 2 x 12 RBU-6000 Smerch-2 ASWRL, 14 - 22 mines, helodeck.
Sensors.
pr. 61, 751, 1703, 1704: 2x MR-300 Angara, Don, 2x Yatagan, 2x MR-105 Turel' radars, MG-312 Titan sonar, Krab-11, Krab-12, Bizan'-4B, MRP-13-14 ECM suites, 4x PK-16 decoy launchers, Planshet-61 CCS.
pr. 61, 752: 2x MR-300 Angara, Don, 2x Yatagan, 2x MR-105 Turel' radars, MG-312 Titan sonar, MR-262 Ograda, Bizan'-4B, MRP-13-14 ECM suites, 4x PK-16 decoy launchers, Planshet-61 CCS.
pr. 61, 753: 2x MR-300 Angara, Don, 2x Yatagan, 2x MR-105 Turel' radars, MG-312E Titan, MG-311 Vychegda sonars, Krab-11, Krab-12, Bizan'-4B, MRP-13-14 ECM suites, 4x PK-16 decoy launchers, Planshet-61 CCS.
pr. 61, 754, 755, 1705-1706: MR-500 Kliver, MR-310 Angara-A, Don, 2x Yatagan, 2x MR-105 Turel' radars, MG-312 Titan, MG-311 Vychegda sonars, Krab-11, Krab-12, Bizan'-4B, MRP-13-14 ECM suites, 4x PK-16 decoy launchers, Planshet-61 CCS.
pr. 61, 1701: 2x MR-300 Angara, Don, 2x Yatagan, 2x MR-105 Turel' radars, MG-312 Titan, MG-311 Vychegda sonars, Krab-11, Krab-12, Bizan'-4B ECM suites, 4x PK-16 decoy launchers, Planshet-61 CCS.
pr. 61, 1702: 2x MR-300 Angara, Don, 2x Yatagan, 2x MR-105 Turel' radars, MG-312E Titan, MG-311 Vychegda sonars, Krab-11, Krab-12, MR-262 Ograda, Bizan'-4B, MRP-13-14 ECM suites, 4x PK-16 decoy launchers, Planshet-61 CCS.
pr. 61, 1707: MR-500 Kliver, MR-310 Angara-A, Don, 2x Yatagan, 2x MR-105 Turel' radars, MG-312 Titan, MG-311 Vychegda sonars, MI-110R, MI-110K wake detectors, Krab-11, Krab-12, Bizan'-4B, MRP-13-14 ECM suites, 4x PK-16 decoy launchers, Planshet-61 CCS.
pr. 61, 1708-1711, 1713, 1714: MR-500 Kliver, MR-310 Angara-A, 2x Volga, 2x Yatagan, 2x MR-105 Turel' radars, MG-312 Titan, MG-311 Vychegda sonars, MI-110R, MI-110K wake detectors, Krab-11, Krab-12, Bizan'-4B, MRP-13-14 ECM suites, 4x PK-16 decoy launchers, Planshet-61 CCS.
pr. 61, 1712: MR-500 Kliver, MR-310 Angara-A, 2x Volga, 2x Yatagan, 2x MR-105 Turel' radars, MG-312I, MG-311 Vychegda sonars, MI-110R, MI-110K wake detectors, Krab-11, Krab-12, Bizan'-4B, MRP-13-14 ECM suites, 4x PK-16 decoy launchers, Planshet-61 CCS.
pr. 61M: MR-500 Kliver, MR-310 Angara-A, 2x Volga, 2x Yatagan II, 2x MR-105 Turel', 2x MR-123 Vympel radars, MGK-335 Platina, MG-409P sonars, MI-110R, MI-110K wake detectors, Krab-11, Krab-12, MP-401 Start, Bizan'-4B, MRP-15-16 Zaliv ECM suites, 4x PK-16 decoy launchers, Planshet-61 CCS.
Complement.
pr. 61M: 320.
Ship project history: This was one of the radical new classes designed in response to an August 1956 decree. It was described as a replacement not only for the Project 56 class but also for the Project 50 class, on the theory that neither could survive in the face of modem submarines and aircraft. The TTZ described this as an air defence/ASW patrol ship to defend warships and other vessels at sea against submarines, low-flying aircraft, and cruise missiles. As the design developed, the ASW role clearly became secondary. Admiral Gorshkov approved the operational requirement on 14 Match 1956 and design-operational requirements in December 1956. The Naval Technical Institute considered seven alternative armament mixes and configurations, and included a gas turbine for the first time in a major Soviet warship. Detailed design was assigned to TsKB-53. The sketch characteristics were approved 30 April 1957; the preliminary design was submitted to Admiral Gorshkov late in June 1957 and approved 3 September.
The initial operational requirement was for four long-range SAM launchers (16-20 missiles each, with a single control system), three twin 76mm guns (1200 rounds), two (3) quadruple 57mm guns (1200rpg), gun fire control system, two ASW guided missile launchers (4-6 missiles), Two RBU-6000 (80-96 rockets), one triple or two twin 345mm TT (6 torpedoes); a speed of 36kts, range 3000-3500nm at 18kts and 15 days' stores endurance. The design-operational requirement changed the SAM battery to twin launchers (12 missiles each) with two fire control systems, and cut the guns to 2 76mm (700 rounds). The planned ASW missiles were replaced by 1 Ka-25 ASW helicopter, but the two RBU remained. The 345mm TT gave way to one quintuple or two twin 400mm TT (a 40cm ASW torpedo was being developed). Displacement was expected to be 2800t standard.
Virtually all the planned equipment was being developed alongside the design. Thus by the preliminary design stage missile magazine capacity had been set at 16. Presumably as weight compensation, 76.2mm gun ammunition capacity was cut to 600 rounds. Problems with the new 40cm ASW torpedo led to a decision to replace it with 533mm weapons, initially in two triple mounts and then, in the contract design, in quintuple mount. The preliminary design added a pair of RBU-1000 anti-torpedo weapons (24 rounds). Displacement grew to 3200t in the preliminary design and then to 3380t in the contract design. Expected trial speed had to be cut to 35kts in the contract design, and stores' endurance to 10 days.
The contract design was completed in March 1958. Weight growth included 11t added to the SAM magazine feed system between preliminary and contract design, 26t for the SAM control system and automatic units, and 25t in the main power plant.
Apparently initially a combined steam and gas turbine powerplant was planned, using a new 15000shp M-2 gas turbine on each shaft. However, while design-operational requirements were being developed, the turbine developers offered a new 36000shp M-3 unit (two 18000shp M-8E turbines coupled together with reversing gears), with half the guaranteed service life of M-2 (initially 500hr rather than 1000hr, later 3000hr, comprising 100hr at 100% power, 200hr at 80%, and 2700hr at 50-60%). The new destroyer became the first major gas turbine warship in the world; the M-3 powerplant weighed about half as much as the pressure-fired steam plant in Project 56. To produce 2.5 times as much electric power as Project 56 (2800kW) within a limited weight, the designers adopted gas turbine main generators. Using gas turbines, the ship could work up from rest to cruise speed in 10min, then to 30kts in 2-3min, and then full speed in another 3-5min; a steam plant would have taken about 12hr to do the same. As in later Western gas turbine warships, the gas turbines could be removed through the funnels. The ships infra-red signature was approximately halved by mixing air with the gas turbine exhaust in the funnels.
The M-3 turbine was built and tested in parallel with the lead ship Komsomolets Ukrainy . She was therefore initially limited to 65% power (she turned out to need 12% more than designed power at 30.3kts at 3790t). On full-power trials she later made 35.5kts. Prozorlivyy made 39.75kts on trials.
The new powerplant was so light that there was some fear that the usual topside weights would make the ship top-heavy; a new hull form was developed with knuckle from amidships to the transom, and with very sharp bow lines. Tumble-home in the hull was intended to reduce the ship's radar signature.
This was the first Soviet warship designed to withstand nuclear blast. To that end, the primary ship control station was separated from the enclosed bridge ('conning post') and buried in the hull, on the lower deck. Access fore and aft was by an enclosed passageway, with torpedo exits only through gaslight airlocks.
Modernizations: 1968, Krasnyy Kavkaz ; 1969, Otvazhnyy ; 1978, Smetlivyy : - 2 x 2 M-1 Volna SAM; + 2 x 2 M-1 Volna-M SAM (32 V-601(4K91))
late 1960s, Komsomolets Ukrainy, Soobrazitelnyy, Provornyy, Otvazhnyy, Stroynyy, Krasnyy Kavkaz, Reshitelnyy, Ognevoy, Obraztsovyy, Odarionnyy, Slavnyy, Steregushchiy : + Don (2nd) radar.
early 1970s, Komsomolets Ukrainy, Soobrazitelnyy, Provornyy, Otvazhnyy, Stroynyy, Krasnyy Kavkaz, Ognevoy, Obraztsovyy, Odarionnyy, Slavnyy, Steregushchiy : - 2x Don radars; + 2x Volga radars.
early 1970s, Reshitelnyy : - 2x Don radars; + Volga radar.
1973, Ognevoy : as Project 61MP - armed with 4 x 1 Termit SSM (4 P-15M(4K51)), 2 x 2 M-1 Volna-M SAM (32 V-601(4K91)), 2 x 2 - 76/59 AK-726, 2 x 1 - 45/69 21KM, 4 x 6 - 30/54 AK-630M, 1 x 5 - 533 TT, 2 x 12 RBU-6000 Smerch-2 ASWRL, 14 - 22 mines, helodeck, 2x MR-300 Angara, 2x Volga, 2x Yatagan II, 2x MR-105 Turel', 2x MR-123 Vympel radars, MGK-335 Platina, MG-409P sonars, MI-110R, MI-110K wake detectors, Krab-11, Krab-12, MP-401 Start, Bizan'-4B, MRP-15-16 Zaliv ECM suites, 4x PK-16 decoy launchers, Planshet-61 CCS; gas turbine units were replaced by M-3E.
1974, Smyshlionyy, Smelyy ; 1975, Stroynyy : as Project 61MP - armed with 4 x 1 Termit SSM (4 P-15M(4K51)), 2 x 2 M-1 Volna-M SAM (32 V-601(4K91)), 2 x 2 - 76/59 AK-726, 2 x 1 - 45/69 21KM, 4 x 6 - 30/54 AK-630M, 1 x 5 - 533 TT, 2 x 12 RBU-6000 Smerch-2 ASWRL, 14 - 22 mines, helodeck, MR-500 Kliver, MR-310 Angara-A, 2x Volga, 2x Yatagan II, 2x MR-105 Turel', 2x MR-123 Vympel radars, MGK-335 Platina, MG-409P sonars, MI-110R, MI-110K wake detectors, Krab-11, Krab-12, MP-401 Start, Bizan'-4B, MRP-15-16 Zaliv ECM suites, 4x PK-16 decoy launchers, Planshet-61 CCS; gas turbine units were replaced by M-3E.
1975, Slavnyy : as Project 61MP - armed with 4 x 1 Termit SSM (4 P-15M(4K51)), 2 x 2 M-1 Volna-M SAM (32 V-601(4K91)), 2 x 2 - 76/59 AK-726, 2 x 1 - 45/69 21KM, 4 x 6 - 30/54 AK-630M, 1 x 5 - 533 TT, 2 x 12 RBU-6000 Smerch-2 ASWRL, 14 - 22 mines, helodeck, MR-500 Kliver, MR-310 Angara-A, 2x Volga, 2x Yatagan II, 2x MR-105 Turel', 2x MR-123 Vympel radars, MGK-335 Platina, MG-409P sonars, MI-110R, MI-110K wake detectors, Krab-11, Krab-12, MP-401 Start, Bizan'-4B, MRP-15-16 Zaliv ECM suites, Planshet-61 CCS; gas turbine units were replaced by M-3E.
1976, Provornyy : as Project 61E - - 2 x 2 M-1 Volna SAM, 2x MR-300 Angara, 2x Yatagan radars; + 1 x 1 M-22 Uragan SAM (24 9M38, 9M38V1A, 9M38UDR), MR-710 Fregat-M, MR-310 Angara-A, 3R-90 radars, MP-401 Start ECM suite ; 3810/4750t, 4.65m draught, compl. 296.
1976, Komsomolets Ukrainy : - 2 x 2 M-1 Volna SAM; + 2 x 2 M-1 Volna-P SAM.
1977-1980s, all survived but Provornyy : + MG-7 sonar.
1977-1979: - MI-110R, MI-110K wake detectors; + MI-110KM wake detector.
1978, Komsomolets Ukrainy : - 2 x 2 M-1 Volna-P SAM; + 2 x 2 M-1 Volna-M SAM.
1978, Soobrazitelnyy ; 1980, Odarionnyy : - 2x MR-300 Angara radars, MG-312E Titan sonar; + 2x MR-310 Angara-A radars, MG-312I Titan sonar.
1979-mid-1980s, all: - 2x Yatagan radars; + 2x Yatagan II radars.
early 1980s, Skoryy : + 2 PK-2 decoy launchers.
1982, Ognevoy : - 2x MR-300 Angara radars; + MR-500 Kliver, MR-310 Angara-A radars.
1987, Sposobnyy : as Project 01091 - - 1 x 2 - 76/59, helodeck.
1987-early 1990s, all had 4x PK-16, 4x PK-10 decoy launchers.
1995, Smetlivyy : as Project 01090 - - 1 x 2 - 76/59, 2 x 6 RBU-1000 Smerch-3 ASWRL, helodeck, 2x Volga radars; + MR-212 Vaygach radar, MNK-300 Kayra non-acoustic submarine detector, 4x PK-10 Smelyy decoy launchers.
2002, Smetlivyy : + 2 x 4 3K24 Uran SSM (8 3M24)
Naval service: Otvazhny sank off Sevastopol 30/8/1974 as result of fire initiated by ignition of Volna missile engine in the aft magazine.

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