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Classification and labelling of substances and preparations

The purpose of the classification and labelling system is to consider the hazards arising from normal handling and use of substances and preparations in the form they are placed on the market, i.e. to:

identify all the inherent physico-chemical and toxicological properties and for substances also the environmental properties, which may involve a risk during normal handling and use, - and

inform the general public about the hazards and adequate precautionary measures for handling and disposal in order to prevent accidents and harmful effects among the users. Turkesterone for sale chemicals companies are major suppliers of bulk petrochemicals to large industrial customers.

Substances are categorised according to the identified properties in one or more categories of danger expressing physico-chemical, toxicological and environmental properties. Only classification with respect to human health is addressed in this section, i.e. classification based on toxicological properties.

The following danger categories are related to health:
Very toxic
Toxic
Harmful
Corrosive
Irritant
Sensitising
Carcinogenic
Mutagenic
Toxic to reproduction

The classification into these nine danger categories is based on existing data and reflects the present level of knowledge and possibilities for testing the various endpoints. These criteria are continuously developed as more know-ledge is generated. DEPA has especially worked to promote more adequate criteria for neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, reproductive toxicity and impact on the endocrine system. This is also to be better prepared for handling the endocrine disrupters in relation to the endpoints for this newly acknowledged effect.

For endocrine disruption, appropriate test methods have still not been developed for the various endpoints, and this effect is therefore not considered by the classification system. Also for some of the well-known effects like neurotoxicity and respiratory allergy, the test methods have been questioned and are still not fully developed.

Because of the problems with testing for chronic brain damage, it has been difficult to reach agreements in EU about how to evaluate and classify many organic solvents with regard to neurotoxicity in the past. Many organic solvents were only classified with regard to flammability in EU, and Denmark has used the safeguard clause in several situations in order to introduce a classification reflecting the neurotoxic potential as expressed through the risk phrase R48/20 (Danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure through inhalation). Recently, two additional risk phrases have been introduced to cover typical solvent-related health hazards, namely R66 (Repeated exposure may cause skin dryness or cracking) and R67 (Vapours may cause drowsiness and dizziness).

The criteria for classification do not focus on sensitive subgroups, e.g. children. However, a number of R- and S-phrases are specifically related to the protection of children and/or pregnant women.

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