Follicular Monitoring is the process of serial ultrasound monitoring of the ovarian follicles to identify maturation of eggs and ovulation. It helps in assessing the size of the follicle that supports the growing egg and for determining the thickness of the uterine lining. This study is important in assessing the ovarian follicles at regularintervals and documenting it for ovulation. Ultrasound monitoring is also done to know the ovarian volume, antral follicle number and ovarian stromal blood flow. Transvaginal ultrasoundis preferred and the monitoring starts from the second day of menstrual periods. The number ofexisting follicles is counted and any other abnormality (such as polycystic ovaries) of the ovaryis detected. The dose of the fertility medication can be adjusted during treatment if there is an inadequate response or if too many eggs start to mature at the same time, which can increase the risk for ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.When the eggs are mature, patients are advised to have planned relations, or Intrauterine Insemination is done or egg collection in case of an In-Vitro Fertilization Cycle or depending on the patient’s requirement.
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