Most fencing classes, lessons, and practice sessions are time-constrained, by the availability of facilities and instructors, and by the time available in the fencers' lives for training for their sport. This forces fencing training activities to try to do many training tasks in a single session. As coaches we have to improve and teach technique, train for competition conditions, increase the fencer's speed and strength, develop self-confidence and fighting spirit, and improve his or her ability to apply techniques tactically in all in one or two lessons a week that may range from 5 to 60 minutes in length. That is a challenging task, and progress in one area comes at the cost of progress in other areas.

This means that any approach that shifts a significant training load from the individual or group lesson has the potential to improve the capabilities of the athlete. One area in which this can be done relatively easily is in conditioning activities designed to improve athlete fitness for competition.

There are five important principles when considering conditioning activities for athletes in any sport:

1.Fitness is a mix of strength, flexibility, speed, and endurance. A conditioning program should address all of these elements.

2.There are two general classifications of fitness: general fitness and sport-specific fitness. General fitness provides a good basic capability. Sports-specific fitness prepares the athlete to the fence.

3.As the name suggests sport-specific fitness is high sports-specific. Fitness for long-distance running or football is not fitness for fencing. The physical requirements of the sports are very different, and activity that does not address a sport's requirements may actually reduce athlete performance. The closer physical training movements are to the movements of the sport, the more specific and the better the conditioning.

4.The level of conditioning activity must be integrated into the macrocycle, mesocycle, and microcycle of the periodized training program.

5.Conditioning is a highly specialized field of coaching in which the knowledge base is constantly evolving. Get professional advice in designing your training program. For example, at any fencing tournament, you will find fencers sitting on the floor stretching before their bouts. And yet there has been general acceptance among the training community for at least a decade that static stretching before exercise does not improve flexibility or reduce injury - it inhibits performance.

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